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Industry Standards Help System Designers, Installers, Integrators

May 16, 2016

Industry Standards Help System Designers, Installers, Integrators

Standards are used in most industries and govern a diverse range of things including protocols, designs and materials. Standards are implemented to make things easier for a specific industry. Industry Standards used in telecom industry govern its protocols, designs, and materials which help systems designers, manufacturers, installers in their work that ultimately helps end users. In the cabling industry, things might seem complex and frustrate some if one looks at the numerous regional cabling standards, applications standards and unofficial guidelines. All of these will influence the design and usage of cabling systems. The sheer volume of documentation seems to negate...

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Network Densification for Carrier Network Capacity & Speed

May 13, 2016

Network Densification for Carrier Network Capacity & Speed

The wireless industry often uses the term network densification. As the use of smartphones and tablets increases steadily, subscribers need more wireless network resources than ever before and that consumption continues to increase. To be able to handle all the traffic while delivering on user's expectations for network speeds, operators have to continuously increase the capacity of their networks. Network densification is a way in which this can be done. Capacity can be added in three different ways: Buy more spectrum, increase the efficiency of that spectrum, and network densification. The latter simply means increasing the capacity by adding more...

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Multiple Input / Multiple Output (MIMO) for Faster Mobile Data

May 12, 2016

Multiple Input / Multiple Output (MIMO) for Faster Mobile Data

When mobile phones are used in an urban area, the RF signal between the base station antenna and the handset often has to bounce off many buildings along the route. This is called multi-pathing, a phenomenon that was in the past seen as being bad for good RF communications. MIMO is a RF transmission technology that uses this reality to turn multi-pathing into a way to increase the data rates and data capacity of mobile devices. MIMO is a radio system that has multiple inputs and outputs and uses multiple antennas on both ends of the link. Several communication system...

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Software Defined Network (SDN) for Wireless Switching & Routing

May 11, 2016

Software Defined Network (SDN) for Wireless Switching & Routing

SDN is used in data centers for internet protocol (IP) routing and switching, and is increasingly being used in carrier networks. To illustrate, imagine you drive a car from A to B, where your car represents an IP packet moving from server A to B. In conventional networks, road signs will tell you where you need to go. In an IP network, routers and switches will direct data packets through the network. The reality is however that the routing tables (road signs) were probably installed many years ago, and have not adapted to the reality that is constantly changing. They...

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C-RAN - Centralized vs. Cloud-Based Radio Access Network

May 10, 2016

C-RAN - Centralized vs. Cloud-Based Radio Access Network

Acronym C-RAN is actually used for two related, but different concepts: cloud-based radio access network and centralized radio access network. China Mobile started using C-RAN a few years ago, making the technology relatively new. Centralized RAN networks are however already being widely deployed internationally with the aim of operators being to increase their commitment in a maturing market. In conventional distributed cellular networks, equipment at the bottom and top of a cell tower of what we know as a cell site is the RAN. The main component is the base band unit (BBU). This radio equipment links users to the...

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